Mishpatim תרמ”ו

בזוה”ק בפסוק ואיש כי ימכור את בתו לאמה דורש על הנשמה ע”ש. כי יש בחי’ בן ועבד בעבודת השי”ת כדאיתא בזוה”ק בהר. ובנ”י נקראו בנים לה’ אלקיכם. ובוודאי זה השם על הנשמה. אך הקב”ה הלביש הגוף על הנשמה. ובעבודת האדם בבחי’ עבד מתקן הגוף והוא עבודת ימי המעשה. וש”ק הוא בחי’ בן לכן יש בו שביתה ממלאכה דהוא יומא דנשמתין. לכן יורד בו נשמה יתירה. והאמת כי כ”ז נעשה ע”י חטא הראשון כי קודם החטא הי’ מזוכך הגוף כמו עתה הנשמות. ובעונותינו נמכרנו כו’. וז”ש אם רעה בעיני אדוני’ אשר לא יעדה. כי לולא התערובות רע בטוב שנעשה ע”י החטא הי’ רק בחי’ בנים כנ”ל. עכ”ז והפדה שיכולין לצאת מבחי’ עבד לבן כמ”ש וכי ימכור כו’. אעפ”כ לא תצא כצאת העבדים שיכולין להרויח בעוה”ז לחזור לבחי’ בן ביציאתו מן העולם בטהרה ובתשובה. וזה ג”כ מ”ש במד’ בת יחידה הי’ לי כו’ כי התורה נתלבשה בזה העולם במצות גשמיות וצריכין להעלותה למדרגה עליונה ודו”ק:
וְכִֽי־יִמְכֹּ֥ר אִ֛ישׁ אֶת־בִּתּ֖וֹ לְאָמָ֑ה לֹ֥א תֵצֵ֖א כְּצֵ֥את הָעֲבָדִֽים׃
When a parent sells a daughter as a slave, she shall not go free as other slaves do.
אִם־רָעָ֞ה בְּעֵינֵ֧י אֲדֹנֶ֛יהָ אֲשֶׁר־[ל֥וֹ] (לא) יְעָדָ֖הּ וְהֶפְדָּ֑הּ לְעַ֥ם נׇכְרִ֛י לֹא־יִמְשֹׁ֥ל לְמׇכְרָ֖הּ בְּבִגְדוֹ־בָֽהּ׃
If she proves to be displeasing to her master, who designated her for himself, he must let her be redeemed; he shall not have the right to sell her to outsiders, since he broke faith with her.
“And if a person shall sell his daughter as a maidservant” (Shemos 21:7).
The Zohar explains that this can be referring to the neshama (See Zohar 2:96b. HaShem has so to speak “sold” the neshama to the body).
There are 2 different relationships that HaShem interacts with us; as a servant and as a son, as it states in Zohar Behar (2:205a). Bnei Yisrael are called (Devarim 14:1) “You are sons of HaShem your G-d”. This (idea of being called “sons”) is clearly referring to the neshama of a person, however the neshama is enclothed (sold) in the body. It is through one’s service as a servant, that one is able to perfect the body, in the days of the week, (and attain the level of son). For on Shabbos we are on the level of a “son”, and it is because of this that we refrain from work on Shabbos, for it is a “Day of the souls”. It is for this reason that on Shabbos we receive an extra soul.
In truth all this came about through the sin of Adam. For before the sin, the body was perfect (untainted), just as now our souls are untainted. However through our sins we have been “sold”.
This is the idea of (Shemos 21:8) “If she does not find favor in the eyes of her master, and he does not redeem her”. This is because had there been no sin, the we would have been on the level of “sons”, as above.
Nevertheless the pasuk states “She shall be redeemed”, which means that even though we have been sold, we can still attain the level of (being redeemed) to go from a slave to a son. As it states in the psauk, “if a person shall sell his daughter…” nevertheless “she does not go out (of slavery) like a (regular) slave”. This means that one can merit to in this world, to return to the level of a “son”, when one leaves this world, through doing teshuva.
This to is as the Midrash explains, (The building of the Mishkancan be compared to a king who marries off his only daughter. He says to his son in law, that he cannot part from his only daughter, and therefore requests that wherever they go, they should build a small home for the king so that he can be with them. So too HaShem said he cannot part from the Torah, and therefore Bnei Yisrael should always make a dwelling place where they can be together). For the Torah is now enclothed in this world, in physical mitzvot, and these too need to be elevated from level to higher level.