Chanukah תרל”ב 1-7

(ליל א) הנס דחנוכה הי’ באור והוא למצוא ההארה הגנוזה גם בחושך ובגלות. ובזה י”ל מ”ש אא”ז מוז”ל על הגמ’ דבפורים לא קבעו הלל דאכתי עבדי דאחשורוש כו’. וגם בנס זה לא הי’ יציאה וביטול לכל מלכות יון. ולהנ”ל ע”י הנס הרגישו שהם עבדי ה’ אף שהיו בגלות וזה עצמו הנס שהם עבדי ה’ בהתגלות אף בתוך החושך כנ”ל. ונשאר גם לדורות הרגשה ממה שלמעלה מן הטבע אף בעוה”ז. וז”ש בני בינה ימי שמונה קבעו כו’. ויל”ד דהול”ל שמונה ימים. מהו ימי שמונה. ונראה שהם ימים בבחי’ שמיני שלמעלה מהטבע ובכל יום יש בחי’ שמונה כנ”ל:
(First night of Chanukah)
The miracle of Chanukah (is commemorated) with light. This is (the idea of) finding the hidden light, even in exile and darkness.
With this we can answer the question of the Chidushei Harim. The gemara (Megillah 14a) explains that the reason why we do not say Hallel on Purim is because even after the salvation of Purim we were still subservient to Achashverosh. However if so why do we say Hallel on Chanukah, the Greek kingdom still remained?
However in light of what we said above (we can explain) that through the miracle ofChanukkah Bnei Yisrael felt that they were servants of HaShem, even though they were in exile. This was indeed the miracle (we celebrate on Chanukah) that they remained the servants of HaShem even in exile and darkness.
This feeling has remained for generations to come. That we remain above nature, even in our involvement with this world.
This is the idea we say (in Maoz Tzur) “The children of understanding, days of 8 ימי שמונה, they established as days of Praise and gratitude”. Now it should be “for 8 days” שמונה ימים, what is the idea of days of 8? However this can be explained as the idea of 8 days which is (the number that symbolizes) above nature. On each one of these days of Chanukah there is this idea of 8, as above.

דבר פלא בנס דחנוכה שהיה כדי שיוכלו לקיים מצות מנורה והלא לא לאורה צריך רק לעשות רצונו. וכיון שאין להם פטורים. וזה חיבה יתירה שהקב”ה חפץ להיות הארת נרות המנורה ע”י הדלקתינו. ונשאר ג”כ לדורות שיש סיוע. בימים הללו לבני ישראל לעשות רצונו ית’ יותר מן הסדר וההנהגה בכל השנה. בדרך נס ופלא:
It is a wonder that the whole miracle that we celebrate on Chanukah is that Bnei Yisrael were able to fulfill the mitzvah of the menorah. However the mitzvah of the menorah was not lit for the sake of its light, it was lit only to fulfill the will of HaShem. However if they did not have (any oil to light the Menorah) they were surely exempt?
However, this is the idea of the extra special love that HaShem wants the lighting of the menorah to be done by us. (Even though it was only done to fulfill His will, HaShem nevertheless performed miracles so that we will be able to fulfill the mitzvah).
This (energy) remains with us, that there is an extra special help (from Above), for Bnei Yisrael to fulfill the will of HaShem, in a miraculous fashion, far greater than any other time of the year!

(ליל ג) עשאום יו”ט בהלל והודאה. פירוש ע”י שהכירו גודל הישועה מהשי”ת והללו והודו בכל לבבם עי”ז המשיכו הארת הנס לעולם. וכן צריך להיות בכל אדם כשמרגיש איזה ישועה ומתגלה הטוב בגודל חסד ה’ וכפי השבח והודי’ שנותן. כך נשאר אצלו לדורות. ועפי”ז יש לכוין דברי מו”ז ז”ל שאמר על מ”ש ברמ”א שכשאומרים זמירות הוא סעודת מצוה. וכ’ מג”א שה”ה בכל מקום ספק בנשואי ע”ה ות”ח ע”ש. והוא אמר שאין ראי’ מדהכא כיון שנתקן להלל והודאה לכן אז הוא סעודת מצוה כו’. והוא כמ”ש שע”י השבח והודאה מעוררין הארה הגנוזה באלה הימים ונעשה יו”ט וממילא הוא סעודת מצוה כנ”ל:
(Third night of Chanukah)
“In commemoration of the miracle, they established these days as a festival with praise and gratitude” (Shabbos 21b).
The idea is that through the recognition of the greatness of their salvation, and their praise and thanks that they gave with their full hearts, is what drew down the light of the miracle for generations to come.
This idea applies to everyone. That when a person feels a certain salvation, and he reveals the thegood, in the greatness of the kindness of HaShem, in as much as he praises and thanks HaShem for the gift, proportionately to that, it will remain with him for generations to come.
Based on this we can explain the idea that the Chidushei Harim said in regards to Rama (Orach Chaim 670:2) That when we sing songs of praise during the meals of Chanukah that makes them into a seudas mitzvah. The Magen Avraham wanted to learn from this that the same idea would apply to any time when we have a meal and it is uncertain whether it is a seudas mitzvah, for example the marriage between an ignoramus and a Torah Scholar, that by singing songs of praise to HaShem it makes the meal a seudas mitzvah.
However the Chidushei harim disproved this. The days of Chanukah are unique for they were originally established as days of praise and gratitude, and therefore the meal can easily be converted into a seudas mitzvah. (Whereas a regular meal would not have that symbolic time attached to it).
This is the idea that we have explained, that trough the praise and gratitude, we awaken that hidden light that is contained in these days, and therefore it automatically becomes a seudas mitzvah, as above.

(ליל ד) אא”ז מו”ר ז”ל פי’ שעשאום יו”ט בהלל והודאה שיהי’ הארת הימים בזה שיוכל כל איש ישראל לראות כי הכל מהשי”ת שזה עיקר עבודת איש ישראל שנקרא יהודי ע”ז כמ”ש כי אתם המעט ממעטין עצמכם כו’. ופי’ הלל והודאה כי הלל הוא שבח על מה שהקב”ה עוזר לאדם. והודאה הוא גם להיפוך שמודה על קלקולו. וצריך להיות שניהם כאחד אף שיש לאדם בעזר עליון על מה להלל. עכ”ז לא יתגאה וידע כי רק ממנו ית’ הוא:
(Fourth night of Chanukah)
The Chidushei Harim explained the idea that the gemara (Shabbos 21b) says that “they established these days as festival of praise and gratitude. This means that these days contain a special light that any one of Bnei Yisrael can see that everything is really from HaShem. This is really the primary focus of every one of Bnei Yisrael who are called “Yehudi”, based on this (idea of gratitude. Yehuda is connected to the word הודאה gratitude). This too is the idea (Chullin 89a) HaShem calls us מאט – small, for even when He showers us with grandeur we nevertheless humble ourselves (through praising Him and having gratitude to Him).
The idea of Hallel and Hodaya, Praise and gratitude, is that Hallel – Praise is for the help that HaShem gives a person. And Hodaya – gratitude, is the opposite, that even when things do not go well, a person is thankful for that too.
They both need to work together. That even when a person has so much to be grateful for, nevertheless one should not become haughty, and always realize that it is all from HaShem.

(ליל ה) נודע מאמר אא”ז מו”ר ז”ל על הרגיל בנר. ושתכלה רגל מן השוק. דכליא רגלא דתרמודאי. שהכל לבטל הרגילות והטבע ע”י הארת נרות חנוכה ע”ש. וי”ל פירוש שתכלה רגל מלשון כלתה נפשי וכו’. דהנה כתיב נר ה’ נשמת אדם כו’. דכתיב ויפח באפיו כו’. שהאדם נבחר להמשיך על ידי מעשיו הארות מהשי”ת לכל הנבראים. והוא הכלי אשר ע”י יוכל לחבר כל הנבראים בו ית’ ממש. וכשבהמ”ק הי’ קיים הי’ נגלה זה שמשם יצא חיים לכל העולם. ובמד’ וגמ’ לא לאורה צריך כו’. רק ע”י הדלקת המנורה המשיכו חיות ואור לכל העולמות. וכל הנבראים צריכים להיות בטל לבני ישראל ובני ישראל צריכין להיות בטל אליו ית’. היינו לידע כי הוא רק כלי כמו הנר לקבל בו חיות השי”ת כמ”ש בזוה”ק נר הוא רמ”ח עם דחילו ורחימו ואמת כי כפי מה שיודעין בנ”י זה והם רק כלי אליו ית’ בכל לב ונפש כמ”ש כלתה נפשי כו’. ממילא גם כל העולם והטבע והאומות בע”כ הם ג”כ מבוטלים ורק ככלי לבנ”י כמ”ש יכין רשע וצדיק ילבש. וגם זה תליא בעבודת בנ”י לברר אצלם כן. ונמצא כל הבריאה כלי להשפעת השי”ת. ובחנוכה שהיה נס בנרות ביהמ”ק נתברר זה כראוי שזה עיקר בחי’ הנרות כמ”ש בגמ’ עדות הוא שהשכינה שורה בישראל כנ”ל שמתברר שהכל רק הכנה וכלי זה לזה כו’ עד הפנימיות שהוא חיות השי”ת. וממילא כשנעשה הכלי כראוי נמשך התחדשות מחדש כי הקב”ה מחדש בכל יום תמיד כו’ שבשורש עליון הכל התחדשות ורק כשהתחתונים מתוקנים מקבלין ההארה משורשו כנ”ל. ובודאי נשאר מעין זה בחנוכה בהדלקת הנרות להעלות הכל עד שורש עליון כמ”ש בהעלותך. והבן כ”ז [כי במ”א הארכנו]:
(Fifth night of Chanukah)
The words of the Chidusei Harim are known (see above תרל”א 7), based on the Gemara (Shabbos 23b) One who is careful – הרגיל with lighting candles will merit to have sons that are Talmidei Chachamim. Furthermore the Gemara (Shabbos 21b) explains that the candles need to remain lit until the footsteps in the marketplace of even the wood collectors are finished” שתגלה רגל מן השוק. Both the references to רגל is the idea of abolishing רגילות doing things by rote, and removing the concept of “nature”. This is done through the illumination of the Chanukah candles. (See Chidushei harim Chanuka).
We can also explain that the idea of תכלה רגל is connected to the word כלתה נפשי my soul yearns for You. (That through the yearning and longing for HaShem, one merits to remove the habit of doing things by rote).
Now it states “The candle of HaShem is the neshama of man” (Mishlei 20:27), and it states (Bereishis 2:7) “He (HaShem) blew into him (man) a living neshama”.
This is teaching us the idea that man is chosen to draw the light of HaShem to the entire world, for he (man) is the vessel through which all of creation can connect to HaShem. (Bnei Yisrael are made of תחתוני ועליונים the combination of physical body, with the neshama which is a part of HaShem. Therefore we have both elements with which to connect the lower elements to the HaShem).
During the time of the Beis Hamikdash, this idea that life, the existence of everything emanated from there, was revealed to everyone. Just as the Gemara (Shabbos 22b) exclaims, was the menorah necessary to give off light?! However it was through lighting the Menorah that Bnei Yisrael drew light to all that worlds.
(In order for this to work properly) all the nations of the world must be subservient to Bnei Yisrael, and Bnei Yisrael must be subservient to HaShem. This means that we need to be aware that we are mere vessels to contain the light, just like a candle just holds the fire, to receive the life force of HaShem.
This is the idea mentioned in the Zohar that the gematria of נר – candle, is the same as רמח (the 248 limbs of a person) with “fear and love”. (Meaning that since all the mitzvos need to be performed with love and fear, that makes one be a proper vessel to spread the light of HaShem in the world).
And the truth is that in as much as Bnei Yisrael are aware, with their entire heart and soul, that they are only vessels for HaShem, as it states (Tehillim 84:3) “My soul yearns”, (To reach the stage of כלות הנפש does not mean that one soul is finished, rather that it becomes subsumed like a candle into a great flame, which brings about an even greater light), this automatically brings about that the nations of the world also, against their will, become nullified, and as a vessel for Bnei Yisrael (to assist them). As it states “The wicked will prepare, and the tzadik will wear” (Iyov 27:17). Therefore the nations of the worlds (participation in serving as vessels for the light of HaShem) is really dependant on Bnei Yisrael, through their level of perfection. This brings about tat the entire world becomes a vessel for the light of HaShem.

It is therefore during Chanukah when a miracle occured with the candles in the Beis Hamikdash, this idea became much more clarified. For this is really the idea of the lighting of the Menorah in the Beis Hamikdash as the Gemara explains (Shabbos 22b) It serves as a testimony that HaShem’s presence rests in Yisrael. This is as explained above, that everything from the (lowest levels up) all serve and prepare one another till the very essence which is the life force of HaShem. Then automatically there is a new renewal brought down, for HaShem constantly renews the creation every momet, and in the very source above, there is always renewal. It is however only (felt) when the one’s below are properly aligned (corrected) that we gain this light directly from the source. As above.
Clearly some of this light till remains on Chanukah, and therefore when we light the candles it is to elevate everything all the way to source, as it states (Bamidbar 8:1) When you (Aharon) light בהעלותך the candles, literally when You uplift.
Understand all this, for elsewhere we have expounded it.

(ליל ו) ואין לנו רשות להשתמש בהם רק לראותם כו’. וכן איתא שמצוה לראות נר חנוכה. משמע שנ”ח מאירין לכל נפש ישראל שיוכל לראות א”ע הסתכלות שצריך לכל אדם כמ”ש הסתכל בשלשה דברים כו’. כי מאחר שהי’ הנס בנרות הוא להאיר למי שחשכו עיניו מראות. ובגמ’ אור הנר יפה לבדיקה חיפוש מנרות דכתיב חופש כל חדרי בטן כו’ ע”ש פ”ק דפסחים. פי’ חופש חדרי בטן שהנקודה חיות שיש מהשי”ת בכל נפש כדכ’ ויפח כו’ מחפשת בחורין וסדקין בנפש האדם אולי ימצא מקום ראוי להתפשט ולהאיר. ממש כאור הנר שמחפש שמן שבפתילה. ובמדרש [בפסיקתא] מפרש מלשון חירות כמו לחפשי ישלחנו. שהנקודה הנ”ל הנק’ נר ה’ מגרש ההסתר. אשר אף אם האדם נשתעבד ליצה”ר ואינו מרגיש האמת. יוכל להסתכל בעזרת נר ה’ שהוא המצות שנק’ נרות. וגם הביטול לעיקר החיות נשמת ה’ כנ”ל. ובגמ’ נר חנוכה משמאל מזוזה בימין כו’. כי מזוזה למען ירבו הוא התדבקות בשורש כנ”ל עולם שכולו ארוך. ונר חנוכה אף למי שאין לו התדבקות ושרוי בחושך. מ”מ הנר חנוכה מאיר לו כמ”ש משמאלה עושר וכבוד אף למי שאינו עוסק לשמה. כן נ”ח בשמאל לסייע לאדם זה שיתגלה לו האמת עכ”פ לידע שהוא למטה. ועי”ז בכחו לשוב למקומו. וגם אז נראה שהיו בני ישראל בשפלות. נקמת את נקמתם משמע שלא הבינו כי הם כך שיהי’ בכעס כראוי כמו בקנאו את קנאתי כו’:
(6th night of Chanukah)
“And we have no right to use them (the Chanukah candles), only to look at them” (Al Hanissim). (Clearly this does not mean that we are merely allowed to look at them, rather we must use them to gaze at and elevate ourselves spiritually). Similarly it states (Shabbos 23a) that it is a mitzvah to gaze at the Chanukah candles. This implies that the mitzvah of the light of Chanukah is given to us to enlighten our souls to what the true things we need to look at. This is the idea of (Avos 3:1) Look at 3 things and you will not sin (Where you come from, where you are headed, and before whom you will give accountability).
This is because since the miracle of Chanukah was done through candles it is therefore there to bring light to those that eyes have become dim. (This idea of using candles to search for what one really needs) is mentioned in the Gemara (Pesachim 4a) The light of the candle is good for searching (for chametz), as the words חיפוש and נרות are connected. This is learnt from the pasuk (Mishlei 20:26) “Who searches all the chambers of the stomach”, see the gemara.
This idea of searching the inner chambers of a person, is that the point of life force (the neshama) that HaShem has given us, is throughout one’s entire self, as it states (Bereishis 2:7) “He blew into him a living neshama”. This neshama is throughout the person searching all the nooks and crannies in the person’s soul, looking for somewhere to shine its light. This is exactly like the candle that “searches” out the wick for any oil contained in it (for it wants to constantly spread its light).
The Midrash also compares the word חיפוש – searching to חופשי – freedom. As the pasuk states (Shemos 21:26) “He shall be sent free”. This is because this point of light is able to banish any hiddenness. Even if a person is subjected to the evil inclination, and does not feel the truth, he is nevertheless able to “see” with the light of the candle of HaShem which is the mitzvos, which are referred to as candles. Similarly when one nullifies himself to the actual life force of HaShem, as above.

The Gemara (Shabbos 22a) The Chanukah candles are placed on the left side of the door, and the mezuzah is on the right side. Regarding mezuzah it states: “So that your days will be lengthened (Devarim 11:21). This is the idea of connecting to the source, as above, “A day that is completely long”. (The idea of יום שכולו ארוך is not just an connection of time all bound together to make something long, rather it means that it is the essence of long. This therefore is a reference to connecting to the actual source above nature).
However the light of Chanukah is even for those that cannot connect (to the source) and dwell in darkness. Nevertheless the light of Chanukah shines for him as well. This is the idea of (Mishlei 3:16) “On its (Torah’s) left is wealth and glory”. (The gemara Shabbos 63a explains that the “left”) is referring to those that do not toil in Torah completely for the correct reasons.
Similarly the Chanukah candles are on the left to help a person and reveal the truth. At the very least that one realizes that he is low down (not in his rightful place), and this will help him to return to his correct place.
So too it seems that then (during the time of the Chanukah miracle), Bnei Yisrael were also in a low level. This is the idea of “You avenged their revenge”, which implies taht they did not realize the level they were on, for they should have been angry and zealous, just as (we find with Pinchas (Bamidbar 25:11) “When he executed my vengeance”.

(ליל ז) בס’ קדושת לוי פי’ בזמן הזה שגם עתה מתעורר הנס ע”ש. וי”ל כי הנס למעלה מן הזמן והטבע. כי הזמן תוך הטבע שנסתר חיות השי”ת הפנימיות וכשנתגלה חיות הפנימי נקרא זמן הזה. וז”ש בזמן הזה שהי’ הנס תוך הזמן שהרי כמה נסים נעשו ולא נעשה יו”ט מהם רק כי חז”ל הרגישו בנס זה שהיה תוך הזמן שההארה נשאר בזמן והוא זמן בירור ונק’ זמן הזה כנ”ל וז”ש בימים ההם שהוא הארות הנסים שלמעלה מההשגה ונק’ ההם לשון נסתר ומ”מ נעשו בזמן הזה כנ”ל. גם מ”ש נר חנוכה משמאל הוא ג”כ כנ”ל שיש בכח נרות חנוכה להאיר גם לשמאל לעשותו גם כן ימין כמ”ש ז”ל ימינך ימינך כשעושין רצונו של מקום השמאל ג”כ ימין. וכ”כ בסה”ק כי ימי חנוכה נותנים הארה לימים הקשים שהם טבת כו’ ע”ש. פי’ טבת נראה ג”כ שצריכין לעשות אותם טוב ברש”י ז”ל טבת כ’ חסר כשמטיבין אותם ע”ש פ’ בראשית. משמע כי טבת חסר וא”ו הפירוש שנעשין טוב על ידי פעולה כנ”ל:
(7th night of Chanukah)
The ‘Kedushas Levi’ (Chanukah) explains that the idea of the words בזמן הזה – in this time (that we say in the bracha of lighting the candles), teaches us that even now in our days, that energy of the miracle of Chanukah is reawakened. See there.
We can explain it as follows: (Usually) miracles are above time and nature. For time is bound to nature (See maharal Ohr Chadash pp52), and the life force of HaShem is hidden in the inner element (pnimius) of nature. When this inner life force is revealed it is called בזמן הזה (the word זה is referring to in this world, not above nature). Therefore the idea of בזמן הזה – in this time, teaches us that the miracle was in “time” (nature bound). Now there were many miracles that were performed for us, and yet they are not commemorated with festivals, however our sages felt that this miracle which took place in “time”, its light remained in “time”. And it is an auspicious time for clarity – בירור and is therefore called בזמן הזה (that very light in time, nowadays), as explained.
Therefore the words of the bracha are בימים ההם בזמן הזה “In those days, in this time”. For it is an enlightenment of the miracles, which are above comprehension ההם – “those” is an expression of something hidden. Nevertheless that was done “in this time”, as above.
Furthermore the gemara (Shabbos 22a) the Chanukah candle are lit on the left side (symbolizing a lower level), teaches us that the power of the Chanukah candles is able to make the “left” into “right”, as our sages teach us the word ימינך ימינך that when we do the will of HaShem, then even the left becomes right.
Similarly it states (Yita Panim, Maharal) that Chanukah brings light to the difficult times, which is symbolized by the month of Tevet.
Furthermore we can explain that the idea of the words טבת means that they need to be converted into good (טובת). As Rashi explains (Bereishis 6:2) The word טובת is written טבת (Rashi explains it means that they were adorned by others before getting married). Therefore when טבת (Tevet or Tovat) is written without the letter ”ו” it teaches us that it is something that becomes good through an action. As above.

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