Acharei Mot תרל”ב

תרל”ב

ברש”י ומד’ קבלתם מלכותי קבלו גזירותי כו’.
Rashi on the pasuk (Vayikra 18:2) “I am HaShem your G-d, whose Kingship you accepted, now accept my decrees”
וכן בגמ’ לקבל עול מ”ש תחילה כו’.
So too (we find that the concept of acceptance of the yoke of Heaven as primary importance) In the Gemara (Brachos 13a) (Discussing the order of the parshiot of Shma) First one needs to accept the yoke of Heaven and then the yoke of the Mitzvot.
כן הוא בכל מצוה בפרט שצריך להיות כוונת עשייתה כדי לקבל ע”מ שמים. שזה תכלית המצוה.
So too in every specific mitzvah, one’s intention should be to accept upon oneself the yoke of Heaven, for this is really the point of the mitza)
ונאמר אשר לא צוה כו’ מכלל שעשיות הציווי יותר מקובל מטעם המצוה.
(We see that the the commitment to do the will of HaShem, is more important than the actual reason for each individual mitzvah, from the criticism of Nadav and Avihu) “They bought a sacrifice that was not commanded” (It does not say what the actual reason of the transgression was, rather it says the problem was that it was not the will of HaShem). We see from here that doing the Will of HaShem is more accepted than the actual reason of the Mitzvah.
כי טעמי המצוה הם רק שבעבורם צונו הש”י בהם. אבל עשיותינו צריך להיות רק עבור לעשות רצון הש”י.
The reason (why doing the will of HaShem is more important than the reason for the mitzvah) is because the reason for doing the mitzvah is for our sake to understand why HaShem commanded us (Yet on HaShem’s level there is a much deeper and all encompassing reason that we cannot comprehend). Therefore our reason for doing mitzvos should be solely to do HaShem’s will.
וכשאדם מקבל עול מלכותו קודם המצוה יוכל לעשות המצוה כתיקנה.
When a person accepts upon himself the yoke of Heaven before doing a mitzvah, then one is able to do the mitzvah properly.

וכן אשר יעשה כו’ וחי בהם ג”כ הפי’. להמשיך חיות משורש הכל והוא מלכותו ית’.
So too when the pasuk says (Vaykira 18:5) “You shall keep my statutes and laws by the pursuit of which man shall live ”. The life here means to be connected to the source of life, the kingship of HaShem.
כי להאדם ניתן לקרב כל דבר לשורש החיות ע”י המצות שאין לך דבר שאין בו מצוה וע”י המצות נמשך חיות לכל הדברים.
For man is able to uplift everything to its source of life through doing the mitzvos, for everything has a mitzvah connected to it, and through doing the mitzvos, one draws life force into each thing.
כי בל”ז נק’ מתים כמ”ש ז”ל רשעים בחייהם נק’ מתים כו’.
For without this (mitzvah and life force attached to each thing) it is called ‘dead’. Just as the wicked are called dead even while they are still alive (for they are disconnected from the source of life).

וכתי’ אשר יעשה. להבא משמע. והיינו שצריך להיות כל מחשבות האדם תמיד להיות מוכן לעשות רצון המקום ב”ה. וזה יתן לו חיות ושמחה
Furthermore the tense of the above mentioned pasuk is in the future: “That one shall do ”. THis means that all of one’s thoughts should constantly be focused on one’s preparedness to do the will of HaShem. This readiness is what gives one life and joy.
וזה נק’ שמירת המצות להיות יושב ומצפה וממתין תמיד מתי יגיע לידו לעשות רצון המקום.
This is the meaning of the words “guarding the mitzvot ”, that one is constantly ready and waiting for an opportunity to do the will of HaShem.
ועי”ז כשתבא לידו יקיימנה כראוי.
Through this 9state of readiness) when the opportunity arises, one is able to fulfil it properly.
וז”ש ושמרתם כו’ וחי בהם כו’. להיות החיות תמיד ע”י שמירת המצות וקיומם:
This therefore is the meaning of the words “guard my laws…and to live by them”, that one’s life force should constantly be from the guarding (readiness) of fulfilling the mitzvot.

אשר יעשה אותם כו’ וחי בהם.
(Vayikra 18:5) “In pursuit of which man shall live”
אם כי אחז”ל אל תהיו כעבדים המשמשים ע”מ לקבל פרס. אך אמרו ג”כ הוי מחשב הפסד מצוה כו’.
Now our sages taught (Avos 1:3) “Do not serve HaShem like servants who want to get a reward etc”. Yet it states (Avos 2:1) Consider the loss of not doing a mitzvah and the gain of an aveira etc”. (These two mishnayos are seemingly contradictory, one suggests that doing mitzvot should not be for reward, yet the other suggests that one should always consider the reward for one’s actions?)
כי בוודאי שכר עוה”ב אינו ענין הגוף. רק זה עצמו עוה”ב מה שזוכין להיות בטל להש”י כראוי. שהוא דבר שא”י להשיג ולהיות ברור שאין להשיג לרוב ההעלם
The reward of the world to come is certainly not something physical, rather the idea of the world to come is that one becomes nullified to HaShem. However this is something that we cannot properly comprehend, for one cannot completely understand it for it is so elevated.
לכך נק’ עולם כמו שעולם הזה נק’ העלם על שהחושך מכסה ומעלים כבודו ית’.
It is for this reason that the world to come is called “olam” which is connected to the word “he’elem” – hidden. For there is a certain darkness that conceals the glory of HaShem
כמו כן עוה”ב הוא העלם של אמת על שאין יכולין להשיג. ובעוה”ז ההעלם ע”י השקר.
Just as the world to come the truth is so powerful that it hides everything else, just as this world is called “olam” for there is the darkness of falsehood that prevents one from seeing the truth.

ובוודאי כן חשבון הפסד מצוה מה שע”י המצוה מדבק האדם עצמו בהש”י שהוא שורש החיות.
Therefore the words of the mishan that teach us to evaluate the loss of not doing a mitzvah, is that one realises that through doing a mitzvah one becomes a part of HaShem, the source of all ife
וכן וחי בהם כנ”ל זה השכר הוא תכלית עשיות המצות.
So too “In pursuit of which man shall live”, as explained above (see תרל”ב 1 above, means to be connected to the source of life), which is in itself the point of the mitzvos.
ולקבל פרס הוא לשון פרוסה שכוונתו לעצמו ואינו דבק בשורש החיות כנ”ל היפוך וחי בהם כנ”ל:
However the mishna that teaches us not to serve HaShem for the sake of reward uses the word “pras” to describe reward. The word “pras” is connected to the word “prusa” – a piece of. The mishna is therefore teaching us, do not do the mitzvos to receive a part – meaning in a way that disconnects one from the source of life, for one’s own gains. For that is the opposite of “In pursuit of which man shall live (Be connected to the source)”.

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