Restoring each person's portion

ואיתא זכה נוטל חלקו וחלק חבירו בג"ע לא זכה נוטל חלקו וחלק חבירו בגיהנם.

It is taught: if one merits, he takes his own portion and the portion of his fellow in Gan Eden; if he does not merit, he takes his own portion and the portion of his fellow in Gehinnom.

Chazal teach that the reward of the righteous is enlarged by the unclaimed portions of the wicked, while the punishment of the wicked is enlarged by the forfeited portions of the righteous. Each person's deeds affect a hidden share that ultimately changes hands.

והנה בר"ה ויוכ"פ אחר המשפט שלמעלה בודאי בנ"י זוכין ליטול חלק האומות.

Now on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, after the judgment Above, Bnei Yisrael surely merit to take the portion of the nations.

Once the Days of Awe have rendered their verdict in favor of Bnei Yisrael, the spiritual portion that the nations failed to claim devolves upon Yisrael.

וכמו כן הצדיקים זוכין לחלק חבריהם.

And likewise the tzaddikim merit the portion of their fellows.

Within Yisrael too, the tzaddik gathers the portions left unfilled by those who did not rise to their potential.

אבל הצדיק צריך לבקש להחזיר לכל אחד חלקו כדמצינו במרע"ה שנטל כל הכתרים של בנ"י וחוזר ומחזיר להם בכל ש"ק.

But the tzaddik must seek to return to each one his portion, as we find with Moshe Rabbeinu, who took all the crowns of Bnei Yisrael and gives them back to them again every Shabbos Kodesh.

The true tzaddik does not keep these gathered portions for himself; like Moshe Rabbeinu, who received the crowns Bnei Yisrael forfeited at the Cheit Ha'egel, he holds them in trust and restores each person's share — and on every Shabbos that restoration is renewed.

ועיין בפי' האר"י ז"ל בתפלה ושים חלקינו עמהם ע"ש.

And see the explanation of the Arizal on the tefillah "and place our portion with them" — see there.

The Sefas Emes points to the Arizal's teaching on this phrase from davening, which speaks of binding our portion together with the tzaddikim.

וזה ענין ד' מינים שבלולב שנעשין אגודה אחת שיחזירו בנ"י כל אחד לחבירו חלקו וזהו באגודה אחת.

And this is the matter of the four minim of the lulav, which are made into a single bundle — that Bnei Yisrael should each return to his fellow his portion, and this is "in one bundle."

Binding the four species into one agudah enacts this mutual restoration: each Jew returns to his fellow the share he had gathered, and all of Yisrael becomes one unified bundle.

אכן גם להאומות יש ע' פרים להחזיר להם חלקם:

Indeed, even for the nations there are the seventy bulls, to return to them their portion.

The seventy parim offered over Sukkos correspond to the seventy nations; even their forfeited portion is, in some measure, given back to them through these korbanos.

Summary: After the judgment of the Yamim Nora'im, the portions of the wicked and the unworthy fall to the righteous; but the true tzaddik, like Moshe Rabbeinu, holds them in trust and restores to each his share. The lulav bound as one agudah expresses this mutual giving-back among Bnei Yisrael, and the seventy parim of Sukkos extend a measure of restoration even to the nations.