Mikeitz
מקץPharaoh's Dreams
72 translated essays · 74 total
In this parsha
Pharaoh dreams of seven gaunt cows swallowing seven healthy ones, and seven withered ears of grain devouring seven full ones. Summoned from prison, Joseph interprets the dreams as seven years of plenty followed by seven of famine, and Pharaoh appoints him viceroy over Egypt. When the famine strikes, Joseph's brothers come down to buy grain and, not recognizing him, bow before him. He accuses them of spying, detains Simeon, and insists they bring Benjamin. On their return he hosts them, then hides his goblet in Benjamin's sack to frame him for theft.
Themes
- Light overcoming darkness
- The hidden primordial light
- Rising above time
- Trust in Hashem alone
- Renewal and rising from the pit
- Chanukah: praise and renewed kingship
Must-read teachings
- 1Light Overcoming Darkness“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness … as long as the evil inclination exists …’ although darkness comes from the absence of light.” The Sefat Emet begins by explaining that what we call ‘darkness’ is essentially the lack of revealed…תרמ"א
- 2Light Within DarknessIn the Midrash: “He set an end to darkness,” etc. The Sefat Emet opens with the Midrashic principle that darkness is bounded by divine intention. For the Holy One created all things, and to darkness He set a limit, for it exists only to cov…תרמ"ב
- 3Shabbat’s Inner Light RevealedIn the Midrash: “He set an end to darkness,” etc. The Sefat Emet begins by invoking the Midrashic principle that darkness is limited by divine decree. We have written many times that all darkness comes because the governance of this world i…תר"נ
- 4Light Overcoming DarknessIn the Midrash: “He set an end to darkness”—He gave a time to the world; as long as the evil inclination is in the world, there is gloom and shadow; once the evil inclination is removed, there is no darkness. The Sefat Emet begins by teachi…תרנ"ט
- 5Divine Source of PowerThe lesson we need to learn from the story of the days of plenty followed by the days of famine, is that one needs to prepare oneself on the good days when the holiness is revealed to him. (everyone has good days and worse days). One needs…תרל"א
- 6Good and Evil Intermixed“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness,’ etc.” The Sefat Emet opens by citing the Midrash that speaks of an endpoint placed upon darkness. “Deep gloom and shadow of death, etc.” These terms refer to the various gradations of concealmen…תרל"ה
- 7Transcending Time Through HolinessIn the Midrash: “He set an end to darkness; He gave the world a set time for how long it will act in obscurity.” The Sefat Emet begins by citing the Midrash, which teaches that God fixed a limit to the world’s condition of hiddenness and sp…תרמ"ט
- 8Rising From the Pit“And they rushed him out of the pit. In the Zohar: into the pit he descended, and they cast him into the pit.” The Sefat Emet begins by tying Yosef’s descent into the pit to the Zohar’s teaching that a soul descends into constriction before…תרל"ו
All essays on Mikeitz
תרל"א(1870)
- 1Shabbat of ChanukahThe idea of the 7 years of plenty and the years of famine in Pharaoh’s dream, is to hint to the idea that even the strength of the evil forces are only because the plenty is ‘exiled’ in the hiddenness. However even the evil forces have no p…
- 2Divine Source of PowerThe lesson we need to learn from the story of the days of plenty followed by the days of famine, is that one needs to prepare oneself on the good days when the holiness is revealed to him. (everyone has good days and worse days). One needs…
- 3Inner Renewal Through HolinessAnd what one must learn from this parashah is to prepare himself, during the good days when holiness is revealed. The Sefat Emet teaches that revealed moments of holiness are times for inner preparation. To firmly establish those illuminati…
- 4Sanctity as Protection“I heard from my revered grandfather and teacher, of blessed memory, that the mitzvah to place [the mezuzah] on the outer entrance of one’s house corresponds to the external keys, etc.” The Sefat Emet reports a teaching he received: placing…
- 5Hidden Faults Before God“We must learn from what is said in the Midrash: ‘God has found the sin of your servants,’ like one who presses a barrel, etc.” The Sefat Emet introduces a Midrash that compares God’s uncovering of hidden sin to squeezing a barrel and forci…
- 6Divine Trust vs. Human Reliance“In the Midrash: ‘He did not turn toward the arrogant ones’ — this refers to Joseph.” The Sefat Emet begins by identifying Joseph as one who refused to rely on human pride or power. “It may be said that because he was attached to God, and f…
- 7Creation as Ongoing RenewalYou formed Your world from the beginning. The Sefat Emet teaches that creation originates from a primordial, inner divine point preceding all manifestation. For the aspect of “form” is the inwardness, and it is from the beginning, where the…
- 8Miketz תרל"א 3- תרל"הIn the name of the Chidushei Harim, I heard regarding the mitzvah of lighting Chanukah candles by the entrance to one’s house. This is comparable to the outer keys. (Shabbos 31b compares Torah to the outer keys and fear of heaven to the inn…
תרל"ב(1871)
- 1Unity Within Pharaoh’s Dream“Pharaoh’s dream, as stated in the Torah, and it is also written: it is one dream.” The Sefat Emet teaches that the Torah emphasizes the unity of Pharaoh’s dream to hint that spiritual truth issues from a place of oneness and inner unity. “…
- 2Joseph’s Hidden Trust in God“That the tribes did not recognize that he was Joseph.” The Sefat Emet explains that Joseph possessed a spiritual capacity to conceal his identity, which is why his brothers failed to recognize him. “For this is the power of Joseph the righ…
- 3Subduing Desire for God“Joseph gave of what was his to Him.” The Sefat Emet opens by stating that Joseph’s greatness lay in offering something truly his own to God. For what a person gives of his own to God—namely, when he nullifies his own will for the sake of G…
תרל"ג(1872)
תרל"ד(1873)
- 1Inner Light vs. Darkness“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness’—as long as the evil inclination exists in this world, it is a stone of gloom, etc.” The Midrash teaches that darkness persists only while the evil inclination operates; it is the root of obscurit…
- 2Divine Purpose of Descent“You are spies… We were not spies.” The Sefat Emet notes that the brothers’ denial responds to Yosef’s accusation, which carries a deeper spiritual implication. For in truth, the descent of the tribes to Egypt was like the matter of the spi…
תרל"ה(1874)
- 1Good and Evil Intermixed“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness,’ etc.” The Sefat Emet opens by citing the Midrash that speaks of an endpoint placed upon darkness. “Deep gloom and shadow of death, etc.” These terms refer to the various gradations of concealmen…
- 2Reward for Resisting TemptationIn the Midrash it is stated that regarding Joseph, from his own merit were granted to him hands that did not serve sin, a heart that did not contemplate sin, feet, a neck, and so on. The Midrash lists Joseph’s bodily powers, teaching that e…
- 3Recognition of Holiness in Exile“Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him.” The Sefat Emet explains that Joseph retained spiritual clarity, enabling him to perceive his brothers even when they could not perceive him. “For in Egypt everyone was in con…
- 4Unity of Languages in Torah“‘Testimony in Joseph was established…’ The Midrash says that Gabriel came and taught him the seventy languages, but he did not learn them until a letter Heh was added to his name, and then he learned.” The Sefat Emet cites the Midrash that…
תרל"ו(1875)
- 2Rising From the Pit“And they rushed him out of the pit. In the Zohar: into the pit he descended, and they cast him into the pit.” The Sefat Emet begins by tying Yosef’s descent into the pit to the Zohar’s teaching that a soul descends into constriction before…
- 3Creation Requires Human Completion“Further regarding the above, it is written: ‘which God created to do.’” The Sefat Emet introduces a new dimension to the earlier teaching by returning to the biblical phrase that connects creation with an ongoing task assigned to humanity.…
- 4Unity Within Exile“In the verse ‘and it was not known that they had come into its midst.’” The Sefat Emet begins by noting the Torah’s phrasing regarding the brothers’ arrival. “And in the telling of the dream in the Torah this is not stated; only Pharaoh ad…
- 5Spiritual Responsibility of the Tzaddik“On the verse ‘Whatever he tells you, do,’ Rashi explains that he commanded them to circumcise themselves.” The Sefat Emet notes that Rashi understands Joseph as instructing his brothers to undergo circumcision before receiving sustenance i…
- 6The Nature of Desire“In the verse: ‘Concerning the money returned…’” The Sefat Emet opens by focusing on the wording of the verse about the money that reappeared in the brothers’ sacks. “Each man’s silver was in the mouth of his sack…” He highlights the phrase…
- 6תרל"ו MiketzThe Zohar (1:194b) says that Yosef was lowered into the pit, yet his redemption was also from the pit. Referred to in the pasuk “Drink water from your well ‘bor’’” (As an introduction, there is a negative force described as ‘he’elem’ hidden…
תרל"ז(1876)
- 2Spiritual Light Overcoming Darkness“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness’—He gave the world a time, how many years it will act in darkness, so long as the evil inclination is in the world—gloom and shadow in the world, etc.” The Sefat Emet begins by explaining that dar…
- 3Praise Opens the Gates“And it is written: The gate of the inner courtyard shall be closed during the six weekdays, but on Shabbat and on the New Moon it shall be opened…” The Sefat Emet teaches that Shabbat and Rosh Ḥodesh represent the spiritual qualities of Yo…
- 4Trust in God Alone“In the Midrash: ‘Happy is the man who has made the Lord his trust’ — this refers to Joseph, etc.” The Sefat Emet begins by citing the Midrash, which identifies Joseph as the exemplar of one who truly places his trust in God. “The explanati…
- 5Divine Mercy in Creation“On the verse ‘And may El Shaddai give you mercy,’ Rashi explains: ‘The One who said to His world “Enough” will say “Enough” to my troubles.’” The Sefat Emet opens by asking why Rashi uses this parable, and what it means that God said “Enou…
- 6Gratitude and Humility in HanukkahIn the name of my master and grandfather, of blessed memory: Concerning the kingdom of Greece it was said, “and its tail is like a serpent,” for its intention is to prevent Israel from the power of giving thanks and bowing before God—like o…
- 6Mikets תרל"זThe Midrash (Bereishis Rabbah 89:1) On the pasuk “It was at the end of two years”, HaShem places an end to the world, how many years of darkness there shall be. For as long as the evil inclination is around there is always darkness and conf…
תרל"ח(1877)
תרל"ט(1878)
- 1Essence of Zot Hanukkah“With God’s help.” An introductory invocation, expressing that the teaching begins under divine assistance. “This is Ḥanukkah.” The Sefat Emet often introduces his Ḥanukkah teachings with this phrase, signaling that the theme will focus on …
- 2Divine Light and Concealment“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness’—for it appears at first glance that darkness is merely the absence of light.” The Rebbe begins by challenging the common assumption that darkness is simply lack. The Midrash suggests something de…
- 3Divine Light Within DarknessIn the Pesiqta: “I will search Jerusalem with candles”—this is like the phrase “he shall send him out free,” a fortiori from a slave who goes free due to the loss of a tooth or an eye. The Sefat Emet begins by noting that the midrash reads …
- 4Unity of the Twelve Tribes“In the verse, ‘You are spies, to see the nakedness of the land,’ etc.” The Sefat Emet opens by noting that Joseph’s accusation contains a deeper teaching beyond its surface meaning. “The matter is that Joseph revealed to them that all thes…
- 5Hanukkah and Purim Rectification“And it is written: ‘And they drank with him…’” The Sefat Emet opens by noting the Torah’s emphasis on the brothers drinking with Joseph. “Our sages said: Until now they had not drunk…” Chazal teach that the brothers had refrained from drin…
- 6Mikets תרל"טThe Midrash (Bereisis Rabbah 89:1) “He placed an end to the darkness, as soon as its time was up the evil was removed”. At first thought it would seem that darkness is a lack of light, however if that is true, it wouldn’t be correct to say…
תר"מ(1879)
- 2The Boundary of Darkness“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness,’ meaning that the evil inclination exists in the world.” The Sefat Emet opens by explaining that the verse teaches the boundedness of darkness, meaning the yetzer hara has limits set by God. “For…
- 3Memory and Spiritual LightThe Zohar writes regarding the verse “But the chief cupbearer did not remember Joseph, and he forgot him,” that the phrase “and he forgot him” is superfluous. The Sefat Emet cites the Zohar, which notes the redundancy of the verse and uses …
תרמ"א(1880)
תרמ"ב(1881)
- 1Shabbat of Chanukah“With God’s help.” A customary opening invoking divine assistance before beginning the teaching. “Shabbat of Chanukah.” Introducing that the teaching pertains to the special Shabbat that falls during Chanukah. Summary: The section opens wit…
- 2Light Within DarknessIn the Midrash: “He set an end to darkness,” etc. The Sefat Emet opens with the Midrashic principle that darkness is bounded by divine intention. For the Holy One created all things, and to darkness He set a limit, for it exists only to cov…
- 3Trust in God over ManIn the Midrash: “And he did not turn to the arrogant” — this refers to Joseph. The Sefat Emet begins by citing the Midrash, which identifies Joseph as the one who refused to rely on human arrogance or human power. For Joseph immediately sen…
תרמ"ג(1882)
תרמ"ד(1883)
- 1Hanukkah and Renewal“With God’s help.” A customary opening invoking divine assistance before beginning Torah teachings. “Hanukkah and Rosh Chodesh Tevet.” An indication that the teaching pertains to the days of Hanukkah that coincide with the new month of Teve…
- 2Light and Spiritual Separation“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness…’ as long as the evil inclination exists in the world…” The Sefat Emet opens by citing the Midrash that the existence of darkness is tied to the presence of the yetzer hara. “It is taught: ‘He saw…
- 3Hidden Source of Blessing“In the verse ‘Joseph’s name was Zaphnat‑Paaneach,’ Rashi explains: ‘revealer of hidden things.’” The Rebbe begins by questioning the name’s meaning and its order. “But seemingly his name should have been ‘Paaneach‑Zaphnat’ (one who interpr…
תרמ"ה(1884)
תרמ"ו(1885)
תרמ"ז(1886)
- 1Inner Sustaining Power of the Tzaddik“In the verse: ‘And Joseph was the ruler over the land,’ etc.” The Sefat Emet opens by framing Joseph’s authority over Egypt as spiritually significant, not merely political. “As it is written: ‘I made the earth, and upon it I created man.’…
- 2Leadership for Heaven’s Sake“In the Midrash: ‘Only the throne will I make greater,’ we learn from Pharaoh’s decree… ‘and you shall be only above,’ etc.” The Sefat Emet notes that the Midrash derives a spiritual teaching from Pharaoh’s phrasing, emphasizing an elevatio…
תרמ"ט(1888)
תר"נ(1889)
תרנ"א(1890)
- 2Unity and the Sanctity of Shabbat“Regarding the dream: seven cows of beautiful appearance… and they grazed in the marsh.” The Sefat Emet begins by grounding the teaching in Pharaoh’s dream of the seven beautiful cows grazing peacefully. “And in the Midrash: brotherhood and…
- 3Hanukkah and Divine Retribution“In the Shabbat hymns: ‘And the he-goat increased…’ etc.” The Sefat Emet opens by referencing a Shabbat liturgical phrase as the thematic key for what follows. “Through His priests He drives away those who rise against Him.” This line is un…
תרנ"ב(1891)
- 1Inner Torah Above Time“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness; He assigned a time to the world,’ etc.” The Sefat Emet begins by citing the Midrash, which teaches that God created the world with set times and boundaries, establishing limits to darkness and or…
- 2Sanctity of Shabbat OriginsIt is stated in Midrash Naso: On the seventh day the prince of the tribe of Ephraim brought his offering. This is the meaning of the verse, “The King of Glory,” who bestows honor upon those who fear Him: “Who has preceded Me that I should r…
תרנ"ג(1892)
- 1Spiritual Layers of the SoulConcerning Pharaoh’s dream: seven cows rise after them, stand beside them, and consume them. The Sefat Emet teaches that this imagery hints to inner spiritual processes unfolding in stages. These are three levels: the flow descending from t…
- 2Joseph’s Spiritual Descent and Ascent“And in the Midrash: ‘And it was at the end of two years… I saw… the living ones walking… with the second child…’” The Sefat Emet opens by citing a Midrash that describes two modes of life‑movement, hinting at dual spiritual pathways that w…
תרנ"ה(1894)
תרנ"ז(1896)
- 1Sanctity of Shabbat Chanukah“With God’s help — Shabbat Chanukah.” The Sefat Emet opens the teaching by situating it on Shabbat Chanukah, hinting that the ideas to follow draw from the combined spiritual lights of Shabbat and Chanukah. Summary: The teaching is introduc…
- 2Hidden Divine Light“It is stated in the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness; He set a time for the world, how long it should function in dimness.’” This introduces the idea that God limits the period during which the world remains in spiritual obscurity. “As …
תרנ"ח(1897)
תרנ"ט(1898)
- 1Light Overcoming DarknessIn the Midrash: “He set an end to darkness”—He gave a time to the world; as long as the evil inclination is in the world, there is gloom and shadow; once the evil inclination is removed, there is no darkness. The Sefat Emet begins by teachi…
- 2Sanctity of Speech and JosephIt is written: “A testimony in Joseph was placed… a language I had not known I would hear.” The Sefat Emet begins with the verse describing Joseph as bearing testimony and receiving a new, unknown language. And our sages said: Gabriel came,…
תר"ס(1899)
תרס"א(1900)
- 1Unity of Heaven and Earth“In the verse ‘He made him ride in the second chariot’—this corresponds to the aspect of Shabbat, which doubles the bread, and all its actions are doubled, as the Midrash says: Shabbat unites the bread from heaven and earth to become one.” …
- 2Inner Spiritual Hierarchies“In the verse: ‘And Joseph, he is the ruler over the land.’” The Sefat Emet begins by noting that Joseph’s rulership signifies a spiritual supremacy, not merely political authority. “For the tribes are the pillars of the world, and the worl…
תרס"ב(1901)
- 1Shabbat of Chanukah Light“With God’s help.” A devotional opening invoking divine assistance before the teaching begins. “Shabbat of Chanukah.” An indication that the following teaching pertains to the intersection of Shabbat and Chanukah, a theme the Sefat Emet oft…
- 2Light Overcoming Spiritual Darkness“In the Midrash: ‘He set an end to darkness’ — this refers to the evil inclination in the world, which brings gloom and shadow.” The Sefat Emet opens by identifying darkness with the yetzer hara, which obscures spiritual awareness. “For nat…
- 3Body–Soul Integration“In the verse: ‘And he made him ride in the second chariot which was his,’ and in the Zohar: ‘which was His, to the Holy One.’” The Sefat Emet begins by linking the second chariot given to Joseph with the divine chariot mentioned in the Zoh…